C++ TUTORIALS - C++ Classes & Objects

C++ Classes & Objects

Accessing the Data Members:

Concept	Description
Class member functions	A member function of a class is a function that has its definition or its prototype within the class definition like any other variable.
Class access modifiers	A class member can be defined as public, private or protected. By default members would be assumed as private.
Constructor & destructor	A class constructor is a special function in a class that is called when a new object of the class is created. A destructor is also a special function which is called when created object is deleted.
C++ copy constructor	The copy constructor is a constructor which creates an object by initializing it with an object of the same class, which has been created previously.
C++ friend functions	A friend function is permitted full access to private and protected members of a class.
C++ inline functions	With an inline function, the compiler tries to expand the code in the body of the function in place of a call to the function.
The this pointer in C++	Every object has a special pointer this which points to the object itself.
Pointer to C++ classes	A pointer to a class is done exactly the same way a pointer to a structure is. In fact a class is really just a structure with functions in it.
Static members of a class	Both data members and function members of a class can be declared as static.

C++ Class Definitions:

class Box
{
   public:
      double length;   // Length of a box
      double breadth;  // Breadth of a box
      double height;   // Height of a box
};

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						Define C++ Objects:

Box Box1;          // Declare Box1 of type Box
Box Box2;          // Declare Box2 of type Box

						Accessing the Data Members:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Box
{
   public:
      double length;   // Length of a box
      double breadth;  // Breadth of a box
      double height;   // Height of a box
};

int main( )
{
   Box Box1;        // Declare Box1 of type Box
   Box Box2;        // Declare Box2 of type Box
   double volume = 0.0;     // Store the volume of a box here
 
   // box 1 specification
   Box1.height = 5.0; 
   Box1.length = 6.0; 
   Box1.breadth = 7.0;

   // box 2 specification
   Box2.height = 10.0;
   Box2.length = 12.0;
   Box2.breadth = 13.0;
   // volume of box 1
   volume = Box1.height * Box1.length * Box1.breadth;
   cout << "Volume of Box1 : " << volume <<endl;

   // volume of box 2
   volume = Box2.height * Box2.length * Box2.breadth;
   cout << "Volume of Box2 : " << volume <<endl;
   return 0;
}